Le groupe Nokia est né en juin 1966 de la fusion de trois industries remontant au XIXème siècle et portant déjà ce nom : papeterie, caoutchouc et câbles. La firme se lance dans les téléviseurs dans les années 70, mais continue à être un conglomérat « touche à tout ». Le décollage de la marque se fait en 1992 lorsque le groupe se débarrasse de toutes ses activités en dehors des télécommunications.
Nokia connut son plus grand succès en télécommunications vers l’an 2000 avec son très célèbre téléphone portable Nokia 3210.
Le 18 juin 2006, Nokia et Siemens AG annoncent la fusion de leur activités de télécommunications, donnant ainsi naissance à un géant mondial : Nokia Siemens Networks.
En août 2007, la firme annonce le rappel de 46 millions de batteries de la marque Matsushita en Inde, à cause des risques de surchauffe de celles-ci. Cela provoque d’immenses manifestations dans tout le pays. Devant des scènes d’émeutes, tous les magasins Nokia sont fermés en Inde et placés sous protection policière jusqu’au 19 août.
(Article de Wikipedia)
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Vuodenvaihteessa 1966-1967 Suomen Kumitehdas, Nokia Osakeyhtiö ja Suomen Kaapelitehdas fuusioitiin Oy Nokia Ab:ksi, josta tuli nykyisen Nokia-konsernin emoyhtiö Nokia Oyj.
19. kesäkuuta 2006 Nokia ja Siemens ilmoittivat verkkoliiketoimintojen yhdistämisestä. Yhteisyrityksen nimeksi tuli Nokia Siemens Networks ja se aloitti toimintansa 1. huhtikuuta 2007.Alun perin yhteisyrityksen oli tarkoitus aloittaa toimintansa vuoden 2007 alussa, mutta Siemensin lahjussyytteiden takia aloitusta lykättiin.
(Artikkeli Wikipediasta)
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Nokia had been producing commercial and military mobile radio communications technology since the 1960s and later began developing mobile phones for the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) network standard that went online in the 1980s.
In 1982, Nokia (then Mobira) introduced its first car phone, the Mobira Senator for NMT 450 networks. The Mobira Talkman, launched in 1984, was the world’s first transportable phone. In 1987, Nokia introduced the world’s first handheld phone, the Mobira Cityman 900. When the Mobira Senator of 1982 had weighed 9,8 kg (21.6lb), and the Talkman just under 5 kg (11 lb), the Mobira Cityman weighed only 800 g(28 oz) with the battery and had a price tag of 24,000 Finnish marks(approximatly EUR4,560).Despite the high price, the first phones were almost snatched from the sales assistants’ hands. Initially, the mobile phone was a “yuppie”product and a status symbol.
NMT was the world’s first mobile telephony standard that enabled international roaming, and provided valuable experience for Nokia for its close participation in developing Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). It is a digital standard which came to dominate the world of mobile telephony in the 1980s and 1990s, in mid-2006 accounting for about two billion mobile telephone subscribers in the world, or about 80% percent of the total, in more than 200 countries. The world’s first commercial GSM call was made in 1991 in Helsinki over a Nokia-supplied network, by then Prime Minister of Finland Harri Holkeri, using a Nokia phone.
In the 1980s, during the era of its CEO Kari Kairamo, Nokia expanded into new fields, mostly by acquisitions. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the corporation ran into serious financial problems, a major reason being its heavy losses by the television manufacturing division. (These problems probably contributed to Kairamo taking his own life in 1988.) Nokia responded by streamlining its telecommunications divisions, and by divesting itself of the television and PC divisions. Jorma Ollila, who became the CEO in 1992, made a strategic decision to concentrate solely on telecommunications. Thus, during the rest of the 1990s, Nokia continued to divest itself of all of its non-telecommunications divisions.
The exploding worldwide popularity of mobile telephones, beyond even Nokia’s most optimistic predictions, caused a logistics crisis in the mid-1990s. This prompted Nokia to overhaul its entire logistics operation. Logistics continues to be one of Nokia’s major advantages over its rivals, along with greater economies of scale.
On June 19, 2006, Nokia and Siemens AG announced the companies are to merge their mobile and fixed-line phone network equipment businesses to create one of the world’s largest network firms. Both companies will have a 50% stake in the infrastructure company, to be headquartered in the Helsinki area, and to be called Nokia Siemens Networks.
(Article from Wikiedia)
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